Ways of seeing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ways of seeing - Essay Example Thus, seeing is not just an action verb it’s an adjective. Therefore, perceptions impact extensively on images under observation and these images depict diverse meaning and value to the viewer. Emotions and belief acknowledge how one should comprehend certain phenomena like lightning in rain can be viewed, but not fully described in words as to what impact it leaves on a viewer. Secondly, personal perception do play significant role in this seeing phenomena, as a person with pessimistic belief will consider lighting as a bad omen for him. Similarly, a naturalist will enjoy the moment of climatic fury and in the same manner a religious person will consider it as a sign of God’s wrath on his creation due to disobedience. Seeing is like truth, some part always remains concealed. On the same, line he describes that although as a process gaze comes first and later on it is interpreted by the the gazer, but gaze itself is surrounded by prior belief therefore, elaboration of gaze does come the way it has been perceived in a society. For instance, sacrificing animals on a religious event is acceptable in Islam and few other religions of the world. Hence, the sight of sacrificing animal does not induce painful sentiments in Muslims. Instead it brings a sense of obedience by performing a religious ritual. Simultaneously, a person from a different faith would not accept this explanation and will develop negative perception for this Islamic ritual, as for him the sight will be frightening and an unacceptable action. Perceptions are like planes; they fly and land in a certain domain. Berger also claims that seeing brings the object of speculation, close to individual’s proximity i.e. understanding of it. Many at times, one observes death, however, it does not make sense to loved ones and they do not accept it immediately, but through a rational point of view it is a fact which remains the

Principles of Management - Microsoft Essay Example for Free

Principles of Management Microsoft Essay Planning involves defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities; Organizing involves arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organization’s goals; Leading involves working with and through people to accomplish organizational goals; Controlling involves monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance. Background of Company Microsoft Corporation, incorporated in 1981, is engaged in developing, licensing and supporting a range of software products and services. The Company also designs and sells hardware, and delivers online advertising to the customers. The Company operates in eight segments: Windows amp; Windows Live Division (Windows Division), Server and Tools Business, Online Services Division (OSD), Microsoft Business Solutions, Microsoft Office Division, Microsoft Phone Division, Skype and Interactive Entertainment Business. The Company’s products include operating systems for personal computers, servers, phones, and other intelligent devices, server applications for distributed computing environments, productivity applications, business solution applications, desktop and server management tools, software development tools, video games, and online advertising. Microsoft Corporation is more than the largest software company in the world: it is a cultural phenomenon. Microsoft is led by Bill Gates, the worlds wealthiest individual and most famous businessman, Microsoft has succeeded in placing at least one of its products on virtually every personal computer in the world, setting industry standards and defining markets in the process. Problem Statement Even the giant software company could be at risk of losing its dominance. Its faces a challenges in search, web browsing, mobile devices, web server software and even the desktop operating system market. Study Objective Microsoft will come out some new products in order to beat their competitors. Â  According to Jon Brodkin, Microsoft’s Online Services Division powered by Bing and MSN is the only one that consistently loses money, including $2. 6 billion lost over the past 2 years. Second is the web browser. Once upon a time, Microsofts Internet Explorer commanded greater than 90% market share, dominating the browser market as much as Windows dominates PCs today. The Microsoft monopoly earned itself antitrust penalties by beating Netscape into submission, but it wasnt until the rise of Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome that the monopoly would be broken. The discrepancy between numbers of users and amount of usage suggests that the webs heaviest users are the ones who replace the default Internet Explorer with Firefox and Chrome. Â  For all its success as the world’s biggest maker of PC operating systems and office programs, Microsoft’s position as the dominant provider of software to consumers is at risk. While Windows still powers the vast majority of desktops and laptops, the emergence of mobile devices and increasing reliance on the Internet have shown consumers and businesses alike that much of what we call personal computing can be done without touching a single Microsoft product. Microsoft is still a giant, with $70 billion (? 43 billion) in annual revenue and an amazing 11 products that earn at least $1 billion a year. First of all, the first challenge is in search engine. Bing loses money over the past 2 years. Microsoft cares about search because of advertising revenue, and also because Google has become synonymous with the Internet in almost the same way Microsoft became synonymous with personal computers. Moreover, Microsofts Internet Explorer used to be a popular browser before Firefox and Chrome were launched to the market. According to the journal above, the issue of Microsoft Corporation facing is some of their software is not competitive enough to confront their competitors. Microsoft might improve or upgrade their software such as Bing and Internet Explorer regularly, always give consumers a fresh or new interface. In addition, they might make their software more function than others so that they are strong enough to beat their competitors. So as to improve the software, Microsoft has to make sure their employees’ skills are up to date. Microsoft should create a spirituality and organizational culture. Workplace spirituality recognizes that people have an inner life that nourishes and is nourished by meaningful work that takes place in the context of community. Benefits of spirituality are to improved employee productivity, increased creativity, stronger organizational performance and increased team performance. Furthermore, Microsoft might provide a proper training to their employees to make sure they can come out a new product for the company. DISCUSSION Employees are an organization’s greatest resource, and creativity is theirs. Creativity is the life force, the energy that leads to profitability. In globally competitive organizations, creativity occurs in every department at every level. Every employees uniqueness is recognized and celebrated. The goal of their leaders is bringing out the best in employees. They know that organizations are only as rich as the quality of their employees ideas.

A Study On Electric Machines Engineering Essay

A Study On Electric Machines Engineering Essay The classical set of machines represents the asynchronous induction, synchronous, DC machines, and variable reluctance machines. Among these classical machines, the asynchronous machine is most widely used in a large range of applications and is able to operate as a motor (converting electrical power into mechanical power) or as a generator (converting mechanical power into electrical power). The machine can be fed via a power electronic converter or connected directly to an AC or DC supply. Electric machines are majorly based on 4 principles. The first principle is that an electrical current produce a magnetic field around it that can be strengthened by more than a thousand times when passing through iron. The second principle is called motor action and is defined by a force perpendicular to both the direction of the electrical current and the magnetic field. This induced force is given by: F= i (L) B: magnetic flux density L= length of wire i= magnitude of current in the wire The third principle is that an electrical conductor moving in a magnetic field has an electrical current induced in it creating an electromotive force. The induced voltage is expressed by the following formula: ?ind= (v) L v: velocity of the wire L: length of conductor in the magnetic field B: magnetic flux density The fourth principle is that a change in the magnetic field in a circuit can cause an induced voltage to this circuit. This effect is based on the Faradays law that states that when a flux passes through a turn of coil, a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the flux will be induced. ?ind = N: number of turns of wire in coils ?ind: voltage induced F: flux passing in the coil (http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/elmotors.htm) An electric machine has two essential electrical parts: The stator and the rotor. The stator (derived from the word stationary) is the stationary part of the machine forming a hollow cylinder consisting of individual electro-magnets shaped towards the middle. The rotor (derived from the word rotating) is located inside the stator and consists of a group of electro-magnet arranged around a cylinder, mounted on the motors shaft with its poles facing toward the stator poles. The rotor is the rotating component of the machine. (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) In general, when the change of flux is associated with mechanical motion, it is the case of electromagnetic energy conversion. Regarding the rotation machines, the voltage is generated in groups of coils, often called windings, by three different ways. The first technique is by mechanical rotation of the windings through a magnetic field, the second is mechanical rotation of the magnetic field past the winding, and third by the design of the magnetic circuit so that the reluctance varies with the rotation of the rotor. So these methods generate a time-varying voltage caused by the cyclic charge of the flux linking a specific coil. The armature winding of a machine is a combination of such coils interconnected so that their generated voltage is close to the desired. In a DC machine, the armature is the rotating member or rotor. As for the AC machine, the armature is the stationary member or stator. The coils pointed out previously are wound on iron cores in order to maximize the coupling between the coils, to increase the magnetic energy density associated with electromechanical interaction, and to shape and distribute the magnetic fields according to the requirements of each particular machine design. Eddy currents will be induced in the armature iron since it is subjected to a time varying magnetic flux. To minimize this eddy-current loss, thin laminations for the armature of AC machines construct the armature iron. The magnetic circuit is completed through the iron of the other machine member, and excitation coils, or field windings, may be placed on that member to act as the primary source of flux. Permanent magnets may be used in small machines, and developments in permanent magnet technology are resulting in their use in larger machines. In variable reluctance machines, there are no windings on the rotor, and the operation depends on the non uniformity of air-gap reluctan ce associated with variations in rotor position. (electric machinery fifth edition (LIBRARY)) AC electric machines AC machines are motors converting AC electrical energy to mechanical energy and generators that convert mechanical to AC electrical energy. AC electric machines are divided into two types: Asynchronous (induction) and synchronous machines. The difference between these two types is that induction machines have their field currents supplied by magnetic induction while the field current in synchronous ones are supplied by a separate DC source. (Electric machinery fundamentals). The principle of rotating magnetic fields is the main rule of the operation to most ac motors. The magnetic field created by the poles will make the rotor rotate making the stator poles progressively change. This change will make the rotor follow and rotate with the magnetic field of the stator. As each change is made, the poles of the rotor are attracted by the opposite poles on the stator, forcing the rotor to rotate with the stator field. (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) The rotor is rotating within the stator at angular velocity ?n, the magnitude of the flux density vector B at any angle a around the stator is given by B= BM cos(?t-a). Then the voltage induced in the stator that has N turns of wire is expressed by eind= NF?cos(?t). The voltage induced is sinusoidal with amplitude depending on the flux, angular velocity and a constant depending on the construction of the machine. In a three phase set of coils, the voltages induced will have same magnitude but they are shifted by 120 degrees. eaa'(t)= NF? sin(?t) ebb'(t)= NF? sin(?t-120) ecc'(t)= NF? sin(?t-240) The rms voltage of each phase is: EA= pNFf

Slavery position with writers :: essays research papers

The issue of slavery in the nineteenth century produced an overwhelming issue in society. There were some writers that favored slavery and then there were some that did not favor slavery. In favor of slavery were William Gillmore Simms, and Caroline Hentz. Those opposed to slavery were Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry David Thoreau, and Herman Melville. All of these writers presented their views of slavery in the their literary works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  William Simms was a supporter of slavery and this evident in his novel, â€Å"Woodcraft.† This novel takes place in the south during the closing of the Revolutionary War. Simms was born in Charleston, South Carolina, so he was raised on the souths’ position of pro-slavery. In Simms novel Woodcraft, he states, â€Å" Exhaustion not wisdom, or a better state of feeling, was the secret of the peace which was finally concluded between the two nations (America and Great Britain), and of which, South Carolina, and Charleston in particular, was eagerly expecting the benefits. (Simms 35) Great Britain had spent most of the Revolutionary War occupying Charleston and the soldiers would stay at the peoples’ home with out the homeowners consent. This angered many townspeople in Charleston and many other townspeople throughout the south. Since the war was coming to an end the people of Charleston could have their city and homes again. Also meaning plantat ion owners and slaver owners could resume back to their work of the land, which was the major source of economy in the south. During the Revolutionary War, Great Britain was re-stealing the slaves of slave owners in the south. In â€Å"Woodcraft,† it is stated, â€Å" South Carolina had already lost twenty-five thousand slaves, which British philanthropy had transferred from the rice-fields of Carolina to the sugar estates of the West India Islands; and there were yet other thousands waiting to be similarly transported.† (Simms 35,36) Great Britain was taking slaves from America to use for their sugar estates. Many slave owners were very angry with the British for this, but in hindsight the slave owners had done the same thing when they would take slaves from their families or would split slaves families up. Carolina Hentz was also a supporter of slavery. She believed that the slaves were treated well and that they were best suited as slaves. Hentz uses examples in her novel, â€Å"The Planter’s Northern Bride,† as to how well treated slaves were.

Viva La Revolution :: essays research papers

Viva La Revolution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What would it take to stir up the courage to bear arms against the government? The courage remains hidden for now. But when the time is right, when the future becomes the present, and the scene is set the courage of the people will shine true. This scene must be set to trigger the emotion and release the nationalism. Some occurrences that could stir the needed courage, regardless of the consequences, would be, in my eyes, perhaps the reinstatement of the Draft’s Board or any dictatorship actions performed by the government. A revolt could take place even at a simple rise of taxes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Drafts Board remained in use through many wars. But these wars and these ways of thinking are behind the American people. And perhaps behind the thinking of the American Government also. And if it were by some sick twist of fate ever reinstated many veterans and others would be bound to take a stand. The young people of America deserve their right to chose if they want to defend their country in war. The very freedom they have been chosen to protect would be gone. Therefore they must retain their right to chose. Our country was created by the struggle of a common people for a democratic government. And who in their right mind would not fight to keep their right to choose the leader of their country. That is what a democracy is about. If the American people decided to just let the government standardize us into certain categories we would be denying the honor of those who died to give us our individuality in the first place. Our government defends those who are caught in a dictatorship political structure, then the people must defend themselves from being in need of defense like those who we currently aide. In this situation Americans would have nearly no choice but to defend themselves by revolting. As the saying goes, only two things in life are certain, death and taxes. Although taxes may seem like petty reasoning for taking up arms, it deserves more contemplation. It was a constant raise of taxes that began the revolt by Americans against the English government in the origin of our fine country.

Essay --

There is an old saying that claims that it is better to risk saving a guilty person than to condemn an innocent one. While many choose to follow unjust traditions, others choose to pursue the path of justice. In Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird, the mockingbird is a symbol of innocence that should never be killed; It is harmless and provides a song for the enjoyment of others. Furthermore, three characters from the novel are considered symbolic mockingbirds. Boo Radley, not convicted of any real charges, has fallen into a trap of rumors that have gone around the town. Tom Robinson is accused of raping a white woman with no substantial evidence proving him guilty. He is shot down while trying to escape prison. Lastly, Scout, the narrator of the book, is an innocent five-year-old girl. As the novel progresses, she starts to witness racial prejudice; which is something that no minor should come in contact with during her childhood. By exposing their innocent natures, we see how Boo, Tom Robinson and Scout are the mockingbirds in this novel. In reality, Boo has done nothing wrong. His confinement began when he, along with some other people, had played a prank and gotten into some trouble with the law. Later in his life, a rumor is spread that he had stabbed his father with scissors. Forced to stay in the house for his behavior, Boo becomes the center of gossip and rumors that spread throughout the town. He did not do did any of the things of which he was accused; instead, all he wanted to accomplish was to befriend Jem and Scout. He left them gifts in the oak tree. Scout complains to Jem, â€Å"I’ve been chewin’ it all afternoon and I ain’t dead yet, not even sick† (45). Jem is completely astonished when he discovers that Scout took the ... ... newspaper editor, despises negroes yet supports Tom Robinson: â€Å"Mr. Underwood simply figured it was a sin to kill cripples, be they standing, sitting or escaping. He likened Tom’s death to the senseless slaughter of songbirds by hunters and children†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (323). Even though it is obvious that Mr. Underwood does not like negroes, he writes about the injustice done upon Tom Robinson. Similar to killing a mockingbird, Tom is killed for a crime he had never committed and harm that he had never brought. Scout is one of the most innocent people in this book. During the course of this book, she goes through events and experiences, that no child should ever witness at a young age. On one hand, her father Atticus, is trying to teach her to live moral life and make the right decisions. On the other hand however, she is open to influences of a town filled with racism and prejudice.

Narrative and Narration Essay

Narrative and narration in films are the way in which the audience follows the plot. The difference between narrative and narration is only really clear when both are understood properly. Narrative is basically the way we see all the events in a film unfold. E.g. ‘Blair Witch Project’. A group of film students go into the woods to film a documentary about the myth of the Blair Witch. What we see is the people film everything that they do. We see (in a nutshell) them get lost, get scared and then looking at a wall. Narration is the process through which a film conveys or withholds narrative information, the way the story is told. Narration concerns the actual arrangement and presentation of the story in the film, the way the film distributes story information in order to achieve specific effects. E.g. in the ‘Blair Witch Project’ the story conveys the idea that there is ‘something’ out there, but it withholds all the information on the thing by never showing anything out of the ordinary. Once these two are understood we have to look into the two other effects to do with narration. These two are omniscient and restricted narration. Omniscient narration is where the audience is subjected to information from many sources such as ‘Lock Stock and two Smoking Barrels’. The film switches from one character to the next all the time, thus we never get to know one character more that any other. Plus it gives the audience more information than any of the characters, so we have an advantage over them all, which creates a feeling of suspense because the viewer is on the edge of their seat wondering if a certain character will find out a specific piece of information. Restricted narrative is where the film conveys the narrative to the viewer via one character. E.g. ‘Get Carter’. In this film we get almost all of the information from Jack Carter. He is in almost every scene. The advantage of this is that you know everything Jack knows, also everything that he doesn’t know. This is used in the British gangster genre film because is ads mystery to the question what will happen to our man (Jack  Carter) next. Tzvetan Todorov’s theory of narrative structure is a very simple way of explaining filmic narrative. The following is a point from the theory followed by an example of this from the film ‘Armageddon’. â€Å"A state of equilibrium†. Everything in the world is fine. People getting on with their run of the mill lives. The main star is seen grafting on an oil rig. â€Å"A disturbance of that order by an event†. NASA discover a big ass rock coming to earth at an enormous speed. We also see New York get hit by a meteor storm which emphasises the enormity of this event because the rock was able to squash such big and strong city like New York. â€Å"A recognition that the disorder has occurred†. NASA devises a plot to stop the rock ending all life on Earth, by sending a bunch of drillers to land on it, dig a hole, set of a nuclear bomb and come home heroes. â€Å"A return or restoration of a NEW equilibrium†. The rock is blown to shreds and th e world is saved, so that now everyone can continue grafting for pittance just like before. The new equilibrium is emphasised by the shot of the wedding at the end with the photo of the people who died during this event, so there is less characters so its different from the original equilibrium. This new equilibrium is necessary or otherwise there would be no difference between the start and the end of the film so it would be pointless to watch it if nothing interesting has happened in the main event. So when a film is viewed in this way we get a better understanding of the plot because we realise that its not a straight linear concept, but a circular one. Otherwise how do we get back to the equilibrium if it goes straight. But it can also be argued that it is not a circular process because its not going back to a equilibrium like before but back to a new equilibrium so effectively its going in a linear structure. The narrative in the film is driven by attempts to restore equilibrium. But Todorov’s theory does not end there. Oh no. Todorov also argues that narrative involves a transformation. The characters or the situations are transformed through the progress of the disruption. E.g. Halloween. In this film Laurie Strode starts out as a geeky teenager who is more concerned with her lessons than boys. â€Å"Shit, what, I forgot my chemistry book†. â€Å"Hey Laurie I just got you a date with that boy you like. Oh no please tell me you didn’t. I sure did. OK th en you gotta ring him on  the morning and cancel the whole thing†. But then at the end of the story (which concludes at the end of the sequel Halloween 2) she is a much stronger character. This is emphasised with the character in Halloween H20 where we see how much she has moved on from geeky teenager to a confident, strong, energetic mum. Vladimir Propp believes that the characters in a film have a narrative function in the text. Characters are there to help provide a structure for the text. He found eight basic characters who perform a certain function. Following are the eight characters and with examples of their counterparts in some famous films. The HERO. In ‘The Matrix’ Neo is the person who on a quest for something gets drawn into a world of UN-reality and comes out the unlikely hero after being trained to realise the truth. This is a common action/thriller genre film technique, because it helps the audience feel related in a way to the hero because you realise that it could happen to anyone of us. This is used in ‘Enemy of the State’. Will Smith is the usual nothing and ends up learning how to outsmart the American Government, which are so hard to outsmart apparently. The VILLAIN. In Halloween the villain is the maniac killer Michael Myers. As with most horror films at least the villai n (a killer more times than not) is a psychopath. E.g. ‘Friday the 13th’, Mrs Voorhees is the shock killer, her son was killed in the opening of the film. ‘Nightmare on Elm Street’. Freddie Kruger is the mysterious killer who slashes people up in their sleep. In ‘Night of the Living Dead’ zombies are the weird dead things that try and kill everyone. In ‘The Texas Chainsaw Massacre’ its a family of freaks that lure people in and then kill’em. These are the films that scare people. The Villains that shock people are the ones that you cant see. Such as the devil in ‘The Exorcist’ or the witch in ‘The Blair Witch Project’. The reason why the films worked was because the viewer was taken into a world of un-reality and this scared people. It let them be witness to what reality would be like in a unreal society. But more recent horror attempts such as the ‘Scream’ trilogy and ‘Children of the Corn’ use real people as the freaks who go on killing sprees. This kind of film scared film fans because it gave the impression that anyone can turn into homicidal maniacs. These film’s wer e not as praised as the old fashioned films by big horror fans such as myself because  it tries to play the audience into believe something which is already happening in the world, whereas most people go to see films to get away from reality, the new sort of horror film just shows you real life situations. The DONOR. In my view the donor in 90% of films is the narrative. The reason being that in most films the plot is for the good guy to defeat the bad guy. This can be by arresting them, killing them etc., but it doesn’t really matter. The donor provides the object for the hero to go for, or the heroes goal, and this in most films is the neutralisation or stopping of the bad guy. So when looked at like this we see that its the films presentation that provides the goal for the hero. The DISPATCHER. The dispatcher in a film is the person who sends the hero on their way. In the film ‘The Lion King’ the dispatchers are Nala and Moustapha. The reason why it’s these two is because they persuade Simba to go after Scar and regain his kingdom as the king. These are one of the key characters in the story because if it wasn’t for them the hero would no nothing to try and fix the situation. The FALSE HERO. The false hero in the film ‘The World Is Not Enough’ is the character Electra. She appears to be on the side of the hero (James Bond) but then turns against him. She provides him and M with informati on that appears helpful to their cause but we then realise that its part of a trap, between her and the bad guy. This character is very important to the flow of a film because it provides the viewer with a reason to then go on and hate that character, because we relate to the hero and as that person has screwed the hero we therefore feel that she has screwed us to. So in a way it personalises the character with the audience. The HELPER. The helper in a film is the person that seems knowledgeable in a certain aspect of the plot and then goes onto help the hero. The helper in ‘Halloween’ is Sam Loomis. This character is usually a person who for some reason knows the actions of the bad guy. In the case of Sam Loomis he is the doctor of Michael Myers. This helps him know what the killer will do next. He tells the sheriff that the killer will return to Haddonfield to try and kill his one surviving relative Laurie Strode. If it wasn’t for this character the hero would have no chance of stopping the bad guy because he knows absolutely nothing about it. Its also the same in ‘E nemy of the State’. The helper Gene Hackman (Brill) is the person who knows all about surveillance, the US governments capabilities, so therefore can help the hero (Will Smith) overcome the  challenge that the narrative of the film has set out. The PRINCESS. The princess in a film is the sexual reward for the heroes good work. The princess in ‘Armageddon’ is played by Liv Tyler and is the reward for the partial hero’s (Ben Afflleck) hard work in saving the planet from total destruction. The princess character is very important to the conclusion if the film because it is possible for the men to relate to it. The way is that the typical family picture in the world today still is that man goes out to work, women cleans the house and kids go to school. The man comes home from work and gets some sex for all his work, just like the hero in the film. Also like in ‘Gone in 60 Seconds’, Angelina Jolie is the reward for Nicholas Cage’s efforts at stealing 50 cars in one night. The FATHER. The father in ‘Armageddon’ again is Bruce Willis. The role of the father is to reward the hero for a job well done. In ‘Armageddon’ the reward for good work is being able to live with the fathers daughter, because the father rewards him for good work by staying on the rock and choosing to die himself. The father in the film also acts as the man with all the knowledge that holds the group together. In ‘Gone in 60 Seconds’ the father Auto (Robert Duval) acts as the all powerful, all knowledgeable person who’s been there before and therefore is the person who can guide all the younger ones in the right direction. All of these eight points of characters carry the film. Not just one but all of them. When looked at in greater detail Propp’s theory we realise that its the way we sub-consciously look at the characters that makes the viewer thank anything of a certain film. In conclusion narrative and narration are the key elements that make a film what it is. All the above theories are vital, when it comes to reading a film in detail. These theories are useful because they make us view the film in a different way than you normally would. They help you to understand what the importance of certain characters and effects are. They help the viewer view key elements in totally different ways and to understand them in a much deeper detail than before. E.g. When I first saw ‘Halloween’ I saw Sam Loomis as an old doctor who seems a bit crazy upstairs. I thought his importance in the film was minimal and that he was only there to involve a British dude; and now when I watch the film I can realise how important his character is to Laurie Strodes quest to kill the Shape. If it was not for  him no one would have any idea of his intentions and that he would return to Haddonfield. So basically you’re decision as to weather you like a film or not can be identified by breaking down the certain aspects of a film down into questions. I.e. How do the films narrative functions effect you’re overall perception of the film.? How does the films narration effect the way you perceive the film. When you look at Todorov’s theory of narrative structure how does your view of the film change from the one you had of it before you compared it to the points Todorov makes in his theory? How does Propp’s theory of characters and narrative function make you look at the characters when you also look at the eight points outlined in his theory? All this along with all the stuff to do with camera movement, use of sound, use of lighting, use of Mise-en-scene and the way the plot is portrayed all help you understand a film in a deeper way than before.